Australia

Gliederung

• Early History
• Australia within the Commonwealth
• Identity forged by War
• Inter-War-Years
• World War II
• Contemporary Australian Culture
• The Menzies Era
• Time of Uncertainties
• Australia in the 1990s
• Political Parties
• Geographical Information
• Plants and animals in Australia

Early History

The Dutch seem to have discovered Australia, Abel Tasman was the discoverer in 1642. The Dutch named the continent New Holland, but they didn't occupy it. In 1768, Captain James Cook came to Australia. In 1783 the first penal settlement was established. Criminals were sent to this penal settlements in Australia, because the Americans didn't accept the British criminals no longer. In 1850 the large majority of people were convicts (150 000), there were 20% woman and one third of this convicts were Irish people. Sydney was the first major city, which was found by convicts. In 1849 Gold was discovered in the United States and in 1850 there was also the Gold Rush in Australia.

Australia within the Commonwealth

In the 20th century Australia developed a national government and a national culture.
Alfred Deakin established a protective tariff on imports to foster internal development, designed procedures for setting minimum wages in industry and preserved the white immigration policy.

Identity

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